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Are you alarmed by the way your browser warns you that there’s a potential security risk when you try to visit your local servers (like pfSense’s WebGUI) via its IP address? For modern browsers like Firefox, it will treat websites with a Self-Signed Certificat...

Firefox uses its own CA store within the browser itself to identify certificates. The following steps will work for Firefox on Windows, Linux, and MacOS. Click on the More tab near the top right of the browser, and go into Settings. Click on Privacy & Secu...

For Chrome and Chromium-based browsers (Brave, Microsoft Edge, etc), they use the built-in certificate store on Windows. Double-click on the exported CA on your Windows machine, and it will launch the Certificate details window. Click on the Install Certifica...

MacOS uses the Key Chain access to manage the CAs for Safari and Chrome. Double-click the exported CA. Enter your MacOS User account credential to allow Keychain Access to add the CA to the Keychain store. Once you added the CA, open up the Keychain app....

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

pwd – present working directory – shows the full path of the current directory you are in pwd cd – change directory – navigates to a different directory cd /path/to/new/directory cd /etc/default ls : list the items in the current directory ls ls...

Paste the SSH Public key inside the authorized_keys file in the .ssh folder of the user’s home directory. mkdir ~/.ssh #Use your perferred text editor to create the authorized_keys file; here I am using nano nano ~/.ssh/authorized_keys Edit the sshd_conf...

Add the line Default pwfeedback to the sudoer file to enable asterisks when typing in passwords for sudo sudo visudo

The Unattended-upgrades package allows for automatic security updates to be installed on Linux systems. sudo apt install unattended-upgrades sudo dpkg-reconfigure --priority=low unattended-upgrades

sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

UFW is a simple package on Linux systems for managing the system firewall. It can be use to allow only HTTPS traffic for web servers, lock down SSH to certain IPs, and much more.  Installation sudo apt install ufw Enable UFW sudo ufw enable Check UFW St...

passwd can be used to change a user’s password, or force password change upon next login Change current user password: passwd Force password change at next login: sudo passwd -e username

enable configure terminal

write memory

show chassis

View Logs show log Clearing logs clear log

Show all interface in a table show interface brief Show one interface in detail show interfaces ethernet 1/1/5 Show interface statistics show statistics ethernet 1/1/5 Clearing and reset all interface statistics clear statistics

Show brief PoE interface details show inline power Show more details show inline power detail Show details for one interface show inline power 1/1/20 Turn off PoE for one interface interface ethernet 1/1/20 no inline power exit Turn on PoE for ...

To use Link Aggregation, the following criteria needs to be met on the to-be member ports: All member ports cannot have existing configuration on it (no IP set, etc) All member ports must be the same port type and speed (Cannot mix SFP+ and RJ45, or mix 1G...

Show Existing VLANs show vlan Create VLAN vlan VLAN_ID name VLAN_Name Tag Ports tagged ethernet 1/1/2 Untag Ports untag ethernet 1/1/11 Undo a tag or untag port Use no before the above commands: no untag interface ethernet 1/1/5 Remove all...